Math

ABS

Returns the absolute (positive) value of the specified numeric expression. Syntax

ABS(numeric_expression)

Parameters

numeric_expression The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.

Examples

SELECT ABS(15);
-- Result: 15

SELECT ABS(-15);
-- Result: 15

ACOS

Returns the arc cosine, the angle in radians whose cosine is the specified float expression. Syntax

ACOS(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression that specifies the cosine of the angle to be returned. Values outside the range from -1 to 1 return null.

Examples

SELECT ACOS(0.5);
-- Result: 1.0471975511966

ASIN

Returns the arc sine, the angle in radians whose sine is the specified float expression. Syntax

ASIN(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression that specifies the sine of the angle to be returned. Values outside the range from -1 to 1 return null.

Examples

SELECT ASIN(0.5);
-- Result: 0.523598775598299

ATAN

Returns the arc tangent, the angle in radians whose tangent is the specified float expression. Syntax

ATAN(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression that specifies the tangent of the angle to be returned.

Examples

SELECT ATAN(10);
-- Result: 1.47112767430373

ATN2

Returns the angle in radians between the positive x-axis and the ray from the origin to the point (y, x) where x and y are the values of the two specified float expressions. Syntax

ATN2(float_expression1, float_expression2)

Parameters

float_expression1 The float expression that is the y-coordinate.
float_expression2 The float expression that is the x-coordinate.

Examples

SELECT ATN2(1, 1);
-- Result: 0.785398163397448

CEILING

Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the specified numeric expression. Syntax

CEILING ( numeric_expression ) or CEIL( numeric_expression )

Parameters

numeric_expression The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.

Examples

SELECT CEILING(1.3);
-- Result: 2

SELECT CEILING(1.5);
-- Result: 2

SELECT CEILING(1.7);
-- Result: 2

COS

Returns the trigonometric cosine of the specified angle in radians in the specified expression. Syntax

COS(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression of the specified angle in radians.

Examples

SELECT COS(1);
-- Result: 0.54030230586814

COT

Returns the trigonometric cotangent of the angle in radians specified by float_expression. Syntax

COT(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression of the angle in radians.

Examples

SELECT COT(1);
-- Result: 0.642092615934331

DEGREES

Returns the angle in degrees for the angle specified in radians. Syntax

DEGREES(numeric_expression)

Parameters

numeric_expression The angle in radians, an expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.

Examples

SELECT DEGREES(3.1415926);
-- Result: 179.999996929531

EXP

Returns the exponential value of the specified float expression. For example, EXP(LOG(20)) is 20. Syntax

EXP(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression.

Examples

SELECT EXP(2);
-- Result: 7.38905609893065

EXPR

Evaluates the expression. Syntax

EXPR(expression)

Parameters

expression The expression. Operators allowed are +, -, \*, /, ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <=.

Examples

SELECT EXPR('1 + 2 * 3');
-- Result: 7

SELECT EXPR('1 + 2 * 3 == 7');
-- Result: true

FLOOR

Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the numeric expression. Syntax

FLOOR(numeric_expression)

Parameters

numeric_expression The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.

Examples

SELECT FLOOR(1.3);
-- Result: 1

SELECT FLOOR(1.5);
-- Result: 1

SELECT FLOOR(1.7);
-- Result: 1

GREATEST

Returns the greatest of the supplied integers. Syntax

GREATEST(int1,int2,....)

Examples

SELECT GREATEST(3,5,8,10,1)
-- Result: 10

HEX

Returns a the equivalent hex for the input value. Syntax

HEX(value)

Parameters

value: A string or numerical value to be converted into hex.

Examples

SELECT HEX(866849198);
-- Result: 33AB11AE

SELECT HEX('Sample Text');
-- Result: 53616D706C652054657874

LEAST

Returns the least of the supplied integers.

LEAST(int1,int2,....)

Examples

SELECT LEAST(3,5,8,10,1)
-- Result: 1

LOG

Returns the natural logarithm of the specified float expression. Syntax

LOG( float_expression [, base ] )

Parameters

float_expression The float expression.
base The optional integer argument that sets the base for the logarithm.

Examples

SELECT LOG(7.3890560);
-- Result: 1.99999998661119

LOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of the specified float expression. Syntax

LOG10( float_expression )

Parameters

float_expression The expression of type float.

Examples

SELECT LOG10(10000);
-- Result: 4

MOD

Returns the integer value associated with the remainder when dividing the dividend by the divisor. Syntax

MOD(dividend,divisor)

Parameters

dividend The number to take the modulus of.
divisor The number to divide the dividend by when determining the modulus.

Examples

SELECT MOD(10,3);
-- Result: 1

NEGATE

Returns the opposite to the real number input. Syntax

NEGATE(real_number)

Parameters

real_number The real number to find the opposite of.

Examples

SELECT NEGATE(10);
-- Result: -10

SELECT NEGATE(-12.4)
--Result: 12.4

PI

Returns the constant value of pi. Syntax

PI()

Examples

SELECT PI()
-- Result: 3.14159265358979

POWER

Returns the value of the specified expression raised to the specified power. Syntax

POWER(float_expression , y)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression.
y The power to raise float_expression to.

Examples

SELECT POWER(2, 10);
-- Result: 1024

SELECT POWER(2, -2);
-- Result: 0.25

RADIANS

Returns the angle in radians of the angle in degrees. Syntax

RADIANS(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The degrees of the angle as a float expression.

Examples

SELECT RADIANS(180);
-- Result: 3.14159265358979

RAND

Returns a pseudorandom float value from 0 through 1, exclusive. Syntax

RAND( [ integer_seed ] )

Parameters

seed The optional integer expression that specifies the seed value. If seed is not specified, a seed value at random will be assigned.

Examples

SELECT RAND();
-- This result may be different, since the seed is randomized
-- Result: 0.873159630165044

SELECT RAND(1);
-- This result will always be the same, since the seed is constant
-- Result: 0.248668584157093

ROUND

Returns the numeric value rounded to the specified length or precision. Syntax

ROUND( numeric_expression [ ,integer_length] [ ,function ] )

Parameters

numeric_expression The expression of a numeric data type.
length The optional precision to round the numeric expression to. When this is omitted, the default behavior will be to round to the nearest whole number.
function The optional type of operation to perform. When the function parameter is omitted or has a value of 0 (default), numeric_expression is rounded. When a value other than 0 is specified, numeric_expression is truncated.

Examples

SELECT ROUND(1.3, 0);
-- Result: 1

SELECT ROUND(1.55, 1);
-- Result: 1.6

SELECT ROUND(1.7, 0, 0);
-- Result: 2
SELECT ROUND(1.7, 0, 1);
-- Result: 1

SELECT ROUND (1.24);
-- Result: 1.0

SIGN

Returns the positive sign (1), 0, or negative sign (-1) of the specified expression. Syntax

SIGN(numeric_expression)

Parameters

numeric_expression The expression of an indeterminate data type except for the bit data type.

Examples

SELECT SIGN(0);
-- Result: 0

SELECT SIGN(10);
-- Result: 1

SELECT SIGN(-10);
-- Result: -1

SIN

Returns the trigonometric sine of the angle in radians. Syntax

SIN(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The float expression specifying the angle in radians.

Examples

SELECT SIN(1);
-- Result: 0.841470984807897

SQRT

Returns the square root of the specified float value. Syntax

SQRT(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The expression of type float.

Examples

SELECT SQRT(100);
-- Result: 10

SQUARE

Returns the square of the specified float value. Syntax

SQUARE(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The expression of type float.

Examples

SELECT SQUARE(10);
-- Result: 100

SELECT SQUARE(-10);
-- Result: 100

TAN

Returns the tangent of the input expression. Syntax

TAN(float_expression)

Parameters

float_expression The expression of type float.

Examples

SELECT TAN(1);
-- Result: 1.5574077246549

TRUNC

Returns the supplied decimal number truncated to have the supplied decimal precision. Syntax

TRUNC(decimal_number,precision)

Parameters

decimal_number The decimal value to truncate.
precision The number of decimal places to truncate the decimal number to.

Examples

SELECT TRUNC(10.3423,2);
-- Result: 10.34

Overview

DDL Commands

SQL Commands

SQL Functions

ABS

ACOS

ASIN

ATAN

ATN2

CEILING

COS

COT

DEGREES

EXP

EXPR

FLOOR

GREATEST

HEX

LEAST

LOG

LOG10

MOD

NEGATE

PI

POWER

RADIANS

RAND

ROUND

SIGN

SIN

SQRT

SQUARE

TAN

TRUNC

​ABS

​ACOS

​ASIN

​ATAN

​ATN2

​CEILING

​COS

​COT

​DEGREES

​EXP

​EXPR

​FLOOR

​GREATEST

​HEX

​LEAST

​LOG

​LOG10

​MOD

​NEGATE

​PI

​POWER

​RADIANS

​RAND

​ROUND

​SIGN

​SIN

​SQRT

​SQUARE

​TAN

​TRUNC

ABS

ACOS

ASIN

ATAN

ATN2

CEILING

COS

COT

DEGREES

EXP

EXPR

FLOOR

GREATEST

HEX

LEAST

LOG

LOG10

MOD

NEGATE

PI

POWER

RADIANS

RAND

ROUND

SIGN

SIN

SQRT

SQUARE

TAN

TRUNC